The em dash. Not to be confused with the en dash or — worse yet — the hyphen, is that handy grammar tool that allows you to interject an extra phrase or aside in the middle of your sentence (as I just sampled above).
First of all, I don’t like it when people mistake using a hyphen as a dash.
I went to the market – purchasing things like milk and eggs – before heading to work.
Nope.
I went to the market — purchasing things like milk and eggs — before heading to work.
That’s more like it.
With that out of way, it’s time to get to the issue at hand. I was inspired to write this post after stumbling across an article in Slate about the use (and misuse) of the dash. Noreen Malone, who wrote the article, vehemently attacks the em dash claiming it’s wildly overused in today’s contemporary writing.
She said the dash is an indicator of lazy writing; that is, the sentence containing the dash could have been rewritten to be more concise and, more importantly, without a dash.
This personally bothered me because, well, I love dashes. And I like to think I use them correctly, so being told they’re unacceptable and unprofessional no matter what their usage was a bit startling.
Perhaps my love for the dash came in one of my journalism classes. I dared to use a dash in a lead for a story. My professor returned my grade having marked me down for using the dash. In his comments he, not only told me dashes are not a part of AP style — which they definitely are because I checked — he referred to them as hyphens.
I needed to defend my dashes.
And so began me finding plenty of places in my writing for the dash, but — as the Slate article suggests — being careful it’s not too many.
There are two different situations where the dash can be implemented. The most well known reason is when you want to add something in without using parentheses or commas, which whisper a contained phrase as opposed to calling attention to it.
The other? Basically when it feels right to use it. That’s where the em dash comes in for me, especially when the material you’re writing is allowed to have a bit of a conversational tone to it. To me it makes a sentence sound more natural and easier to read and understand.
Noreen Malone, writer of the angry dash-hating Slate article, suggests the dash as a grammatical cop-out. People use it so frequently because it’s safe; there is essentially no way the dash can be used incorrectly in terms of grammar or AP style rules because there really aren’t any strict guidelines for them.
Personally, I’d rather read something littered with dashes than something where fragments are split up by semi-colons or commas are in places where periods should be. If there’s a tool out there that allows people, not so great at grammar, to compose some sentences with syntax variety, then by allmeans. And let those who do know their grammar use the dash at their discretion.
Just be careful, fellow dash users, and I think we should be just fine.
This post was written by M3 intern and Michigan State University student Brandon Kirby.